AUTHORITATIVE | CURATED | First 500 words Free

• Personalities
• Classical
• Composer
• Early Romantic
• Instrumentalist

(Yo’-han Ne’-po-mook Hoom’-mel) 1778–1837 Austrian composer and pianist A child prodigy, Hummel studied with Mozart soon after moving to Vienna at the age of eight, and later studied with Albrechtsberger and Salieri. From 1804 to 1811 he was Konzertmeister to Prince Esterházy, composing for the chapel (most of his sacred works date from this period), and was later Kapellmeister ...

• Instruments
• Stringed

Giovanni Paisiello (1740–1816), Antonio Salieri (1750–1825) and, most famously in Don Giovanni (1787), Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–91) all used it in operas; Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827) and Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778–1837) composed solo works for it. In spite of a lull during the early nineteenth century, the mandolin soon regained popularity. Giuseppe Verdi (1813–1901) used it in Otello (1884–86), ...

• Instruments
• Keyboards

Bach, Handel, Domenico Scarlatti (1685–1757), Mozart, Muzio Clementi (1752–1832), Beethoven, Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778–1837), Chopin and Liszt. Of the great composer-pianists before 1850, only Mozart, Hummel and Chopin were content to work with what they had. Beethoven and Liszt, above all, regularly wrote and played beyond what the available instruments could accommodate – and ...

• Instruments
• Classical
• Early Romantic

Although the terms ‘fortepiano’ and ‘pianoforte’ were used indiscriminately by musicians of the time, for the sake of clarity the former term is now specifically used to indicate keyboard instruments of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and the latter to mean the modern instrument. The piano displaced the harpsichord musically and socially, taking over the latter’s ...

• Instruments
• Classical
• Early Romantic

Baroque brass music was written for natural horns and trumpets. The classical period saw experiments with introducing keys into trumpets: the concertos for trumpet by Haydn and Hummel were both written with a keyed trumpet in mind. Trumpeters and horn players also experimented with using one hand in the bell to affect pitch. However, in the early Romantic period valves ...

• Instruments
• Stringed

or swell-sided box with one or more strings running over wooden frets, plus some unfretted strings to provide accompaniment and drones. The Flemish hommel, French épinette, Swedish hummel and Danish humle are similar, but have metal frets, and the usual technique was to fret the melody strings with a short stick. The Hungarian citera which, ...

• Personalities
• Classical
• Composer
• Early Romantic
• Writer

the inherent beauty of the initial inspiration. Recommended Recording: Undine, soloists, Berlin Radio SO (cond) Roland Bader (Koch-Schwann) Introduction | Early Romantic | Classical Personalities | Johann Nepomuk Hummel | Early Romantic | Classical ...

• Personalities
• Classical
• Composer
• Early Romantic

in 1867. Appreciation of Berwald’s work, including many first performances, had to wait until the twentieth century. His style was rooted in the harmonic language of Beethoven, Hummel and Spohr, although his best works (such as the Sinfonie singulière, ‘Singular Symphony’, 1845) show melodic freshness and originality of form. He is one of the most important ...

• Styles & Forms
• Classical
• Classical Era

Leading Exponents C.P.E. Bach J.C. Bach Christoph Willibald von Gluck Joseph Haydn Antonio Salieri Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Muzio Clementi Jan Ladislav Dussek Ludwig van Beethoven Johann Nepomuk Hummel Classical Style Classical compositions are charcterized by a prominent melody and harmonic accompaniment, and would often have been played out by a string quartet. Introduction | Classical Music Styles ...

• Women in Music
• Classical
• Early Romantic

Given the long tradition of regarding the keyboard as a suitable and attractive instrument for a woman, it is not surprising that it was mostly as pianists that women made their names as professional virtuoso soloists in the early nineteenth century. The leading female pianist was undoubtedly Clara Schumann, who was acclaimed as one of Europe’s leading players throughout ...