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• Personalities
• Classical
• Composer
• Modern Era

(Kärl Ôrf) 1895–1982 German composer Orff’s Carmina Burana (‘Songs of Beuren’, 1937), with its simple melodies and pounding rhythms, is characteristic of his work. It is one of the most popular choral works in the repertory today. He wrote comic and satirical operas in this manner, including Der Mond (‘The Moon’, 1939) and Die Kluge (‘The Clever Girl’, 1943). ...

• Instruments
• Keyboards

as performers – most notably, Ferruccio Busoni (1866–1924), Manuel de Falla (1976–1946), Henry Cowell (1897–1965), Frederick Delius (1862–1934), Jean Françaix (b. 1912), Bohuslav Martino (1890–1959), Darius Milhaud (1892–1974), Carl Orff (1895–1982), Francis Poulenc (1899–1963), Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971), and later, Luciano Berio (1925–2003), Iannis Xenakis (1922–2001), Elliott Carter (b. 1908) and György Ligeti (b. 1923). Introduction | Keyboards Instruments | ...

• Instruments
• Classical
• Modern Era

The twentieth century saw the piano return to the orchestra: notable works including the orchestral piano are Kodály’s Háry János (1926), Prokofiev’s Fifth Symphony and Orff’s Carmina Burana (1937). Modern composers realized that, as it creates sound with hammers that strike strings, the piano is technically a member of the percussion family. Indeed, in Grainger’s The Warriors (1916) ...

• Personalities
• Classical
• Composer
• Modern Era

4 & 5, Helios Overture, Danish State Radio SO (cond) Erik Tuxen, Thomas Jensen, Launy Grøndahl (Dutton) Introduction | Modern Era | Classical Personalities | Carl Orff | Modern Era | Classical ...

• Classical
• Medieval Era

The seven centuries covered here saw, essentially, the making of modern Europe. They saw the rise of the papacy and its numerous conflicts. They saw the shaping and reshaping of nations and empires. Yet beyond, and often because of, these conflicts and changes, they also saw the formation of great cultures. As nation met nation in ...

• Classical
• Modern Era

or for children by Holst (St Paul’s Suite, 1905) and Vaughan Williams, to those for multiple pianists by the Australian Percy Grainger (1882–1961) or choral works by Carl Orff (1895–1982; Carmina Burana, 1938). In the Soviet Union, the populism of the Communist government encouraged works about the ‘people’s struggle’ or the new Soviet industrial development. After the ...

• Classical
• Contemporary Classical

1959), is a 40-minute monodrama, in which we hear one end only of a telephone conversation between a woman and her soon-to-be ex-lover. Post-war operas by Hindemith, Carl Orff (1895–1982), Milhaud and Ildebrando Pizzetti (1880–1968), although varying in significance, can be seen as continuations of a pre-war tradition. Although in some senses Il prigioniero (‘The Prisoner’, 1950) by ...

• Influences
• Classical
• Modern Era

Gamelan is an orchestral tradition in Java and Bali, where every instrument – various gongs and drums – is a member of the percussion family. The tradition emphasizes respect for the instruments and cooperation between the players. In 1887, the Paris Conservatoire acquired a gamelan. In 1889, Debussy went to the Paris Exhibition, where he heard the ...

• Personalities
• Jazz & Blues
• Seventies

(Trombone, 1928–2005) Although he played violin and guitar, Frankfurt native Albert Mangelsdorff did not take up the trombone until the age of 20. However, despite this relatively late start, he became a pioneer of multiphonics on the horn and a leader of the European avant-garde. Recordings with pianist John Lewis and sitarist Ravi Shankar in the 1960s ...

• Personalities
• Jazz & Blues
• Seventies

(Vocals, harmonica, guitar, b. 1936) Iverson Minter, a.k.a. Louisiana Red, rose from childhood tragedy to build an impressive career. His mother had died and his father had been murdered by the Ku Klux Klan by the time Red was five years old. He first recorded for Chess in 1949, prior to his military ...

• Personalities
• Classical
• Composer
• Early Romantic

(Ro’-bârt Shoo’-man) 1810–56 German composer Robert Schumann, in his life and music, embodied many of the central themes of the German Romantic movement: steeped in German literary Romanticism, he composed Lieder combining the melodic simplicity of German folk tradition with expressive harmonic setting, wrote poetically titled miniatures, and composed music rich in literary inspiration and allusion. His ...

• Styles & Forms
• Classical
• Late Romantic

That music has a double history – a social and a stylistic one – is amply proven by its development in the second half of the nineteenth century. Its progress was marked, though not entirely determined, by the revolutions that swept Europe in 1848. There were perceptible changes of emphasis, not only in concert and operatic life from ...